Circumvention of regional protection is not possible with every drive-even if the drive grants access to the feature, prediction of title keys may fail. The first two protection methods have been broken. Regional restriction is based on the disc and the drive: the drive can deny access if the disc does not belong to the drive's region.Read protection is based on the drive: access to significant disc data is only granted if the player authenticates successfully.Playback protection is based on encryption: the player requires a secret key to decrypt the feature.All participants must conform to the CCA's license agreement. The player decrypts and presents the audio and visual content of the feature. The drive provides the means to read the disc. The disc holds the purported copyright information and the encrypted feature. The content scramble system deals with three participants: the disc, the drive and the player. The publisher may for instance decide to go without CSS protection to save license and production costs. Ī DVD-Video can be produced with or without CSS. There has also been some effort to collect CSS details from various sources. Libdvdcss is a source for documentation, along with the publicly available DVD-ROM and MMC specifications. Instead, there is libdvdcss, a reverse engineered implementation of CSS. The license, which binds the licensee to a non-disclosure agreement, would not permit the development of open-source software for DVD-Video playback. The details of CSS are only given to licensees for a fee. According to the DVD Copy Control Association (CCA), which is the consortium that grants licenses, CSS is supposed to protect the intellectual property rights of the content owner. CSS attempts to restrict access to the content only for licensed applications. The content scramble system (CSS) is a collection of proprietary protection mechanisms for DVD-Video discs. It has been superseded by newer DRM schemes such as Content Protection for Recordable Media (CPRM), or by Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) in the Advanced Access Content System (AACS) DRM scheme used by HD DVD and Blu-ray Disc, which have 56-bit and 128-bit key sizes, respectively, providing a much higher level of security than the less secure 40-bit key size of CSS. ĬSS is one of several complementary systems designed to restrict DVD-Video access. The system was introduced around 1996 and was first compromised in 1999. CSS utilizes a proprietary 40-bit stream cipher algorithm. The Content Scramble System ( CSS) is a digital rights management (DRM) and encryption system employed on many commercially produced DVD-Video discs. This can be brute-forced in about a minute by a Pentium II, or a few seconds by a modern CPU. Content Scramble System (CSS) Generalĭefeated in 1999 by DeCSS, 40-bit key size is subject to brute-force attack, effective key size is about 16 bits. Not to be confused with Cascading Style Sheets.
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